To reap optimal benefit from Ansys applications, manufacturers need a modern HPC system that can balance performance needs with other considerations such as power consumption and Ansys software licensing expenses. If you use a firewall or on a secure network, you must add the ports the Ansys license manager uses to your exceptions list. License path: [email protected]: FlexNet Licensing error:-39,147. For Ansys Enterprise licensing, a Lumerical Solve license enables 4 SMs. To test the access, you can use one of these options, please try for the lmgrd port, ansyslmd port and ansysli_server port, modify the command to replace "192. This means that users still needed access to a powerful Below are the steps to modify the HPC License options: Modifying HPC License Options From the ANSYS Electronics Desktop window, select the menu item, Tools > Options > HPC and Analysis Options; Click the Options tab, under HPC Licensing, select Pool for the HPC License options; Click OK button. and Canonsburg, PA 15317 Ansys Europe, ansysinfo@ansys. Below are the steps to modify the HPC License options. The Ansys OPTIS HPC Getting Started familiarizes users with Ansys OPTIS HPC. User 1: solve on 2 cores – consumes 1x Mechanical licenceMechanical includes 2x built-in HPC licenses User 2: solve on 4 cores – consumes 1x Mechanical licence, 2x HPC. See the Understanding solver, accelerator, and HPC license consumption page for details. This will require re-generating the license file. See also the how-to-videos for Windows. Release 2021 R2 Southpointe July 2021 2600 Ansys Drive ANSYS, Inc. PFA solution Attachments: 1. The number of SMs per job is not user-configurable. Alternatively, collapse the multiple increment lines into one. Students can take advantage of our free student May 11, 2020 · One option is Ansys Cloud. Ansys HPC software licensing is designed on pricing models that ensure high value for engineering simulation workloads. The HPC allocated me the resources whereas when I am opening Fluent, it's just loading 80 partitions in the 40 processors of the same node. Also try these instructions: If an ANSYS HPC license has been issued (which is different from an ANSYS Electronics HPC license), this can be used with the Electronics Desktop as well by first updating the HPC settings in Electronics Desktop. In this solution, we will demonstrate how to create an Options File. I have put these settings in the GUI (and they seem to be saved if I reopen it), but I submit the jobs through SLURM, So, I read that there should be some SBATCH options. Select Tools > Options > HPC and Analysis Options. Check ‘Allow XMP generation from Simulation Preview’ to activate option to save a result file from the Live Preview window. I have installed ANSYS ETD 2020R1 on a few locally networked machines. Select "Use Ansys Client Settings" from the 'Lumerical license configuration options'. Under HPC Licensing the default is Pack. With the finite element analysis (FEA) solvers available in the suite, you can customize and automate solutions for your structural mechanics problems and parameterize them to analyze multiple design scenarios. Feb 21, 2021 · Hello nfor a few days im trying to find any information about HPC and how to use it to run simulation simultaneously on several computers with Ansys Maxwell 3D/2D, but only things i can find are commercial texts, about how HPC is great and how it could help me with HFFS. Because design for product performance and integrity is a pressing engineering imperative today, design engineering teams must progress from examining a single design variation to exploring the numerous design variations required for the widest range of Enter the hostname/IP of the machines running the job. • Scenario 1: 3x Mechanical licences, 6x HPC licencesSimultaneous runs. May 15, 2023 · Here are the settings to allow ANSYS Electronics Solver to use ANSYS HPC (& HPC Pack) licenses in 2018. This includes running Lumerical scripts (. Jul 8, 2019 · Unlike Mechanical and Fluids products, Ansoft products require users to pre-defined the type of HPC license to be used. b) Use Pool as the HPC License in the "HPC and Analysis Options". Why does it only allow for 6 cores doesn't make any sense! When I enter 6 cores, the ansys client license settings says that my computer is using both license 2/2. It gives to the license administrator the capability to allow, deny or reserve a set of licenses to a group. pdf Aug 4, 2017 · First, the license structure itself is a bit different: you get to use two cores with a base ANSYS license, and then to add on to that you need “HPC Packs”. March 12, 2017 4 Main Products HPC (per-process) HPC Pack ⢅ Resolution: If the license file has multiple INCREMENT lines for the same product, you must set up the options file as shown below in the excerpt from section 3. ANSYS License Manager (ansyslmd) Ansoft License Manager (ansoftd) Apache License Manager (apacheda) Reaction Design License Manager. A new generation of MAZDA3 uses Speos 3D optical analysis for development of interiors and lights. This course explains how to launch a Speos simulation using the High Performing Computing solution with a Linux or Windows Cluster. nOpen Resources. See also. 0 - 2 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. pyansys. 168. Make sure number of cores listed is "4". See syntax and example below. Change Pack to Pool. I can successfully outsource the processing to […] Academic High-Performance Computing. The making of the all-new MAZDA3 required a fresh way to To fix this, change HPC settings in the software by going to Tools > Options > HPC and Analysis Options > in the Options tab, change ‘Use legacy Electronics HPC License’ to ‘False’. Additional SMs will requires either Ansys HPC licenses (1 per SM) or Ansys HPC Pack licenses (\( \# SM = 2 \cdot 4^{\# anshpc\_pack} \)). 12 or more cores) to check out ANSYS HPC Packs only. May 19, 2022 · Inside AEDT, Go to: Tools->Options->HPC and Analysis Options->Option and set "Use legacy Electronic HPC License" to True This should use the hfsshpc licenses. These are licensed by quantity and the concurrent usage of such features is counted, and subject to license limitations, on either a user-host-display count (“UHD Counted”) basis or on a concurrent-job count (“Job Counted”) basis as set out in the tables below. At release 19, 4 cores are enabled with standard licensing, so adding 8 ANSYS HPC tasks enables solving on 12 cores. These simulations can be bigger, more complex and more accurate than ever using high-performance computing (HPC). ANSYS HPC Packs - These physics-neutral licenses share the same characteristics of the ANSYS HPC licenses, but are combined into predefined packs to give Jul 13, 2020 · The new HPC-based parametric licensing introduced in Ansys 2020 R2 is proof of that. n-env APPDATA C:Users{username}AppDataRoamingnSee also: n Divya Sundaran. We will begin the course with an overview of Ansys license files Ansys use cases require compute, memory, and input/output (I/O) to varying degrees, depending on their application. Recognizing this, smaller and mid-sized companies now seek more affordable, accessible and powerful hardware, making high-performance Oct 5, 2009 · Last week ANSYS announced ANSYS HPC, a new product that bundles together its existing multiphysics software with HPC people in mind. I think you have to set it in options as well as when you are submitting a job. To better prepare students, the Ansys Academic program offers simulation software and materials education resources to support the teaching of engineering, science and design curricula. I ran the ANSLIC_ADMIN utility and in the HPC license list, there was one HPC license available. For more details, see also the Speos user guide: Speos Live Preview. ##### Try this Close all ANSYS applications. Apr 5, 2023 · Kindly check existing ANSYS License Option file (If you already using ansyslmd. The software will now look for the ‘anshpc_pack’ feature. With the Ansys HPC software suite, you can use today’s multicore computers to perform more simulations in less time. Hi All, have you encountered this situation? When launch the HFSS in HPC system, there supposed to be HFSS GUI window. Engineers are faced with the challenge of analyzing complex simulations while meeting tight deadlines. 1" with the license server hostname. 4) I can't get a license for Optics Studio: Use Ansys Zemax Optics studio launcher instead of the Optics Launcher. To resolve error: -38 and error: -39 : Contact your IT or license server administrator to update the options file on the license server. How many concurrent parametric analyses do you wish to run? How many cores per analysis? Oct 5, 2022 · If that fails, please reach to your license administrator and request they provide the type of HPC licensing - it will either be "anshpc" or "anshpc_pack" Set the "HPC Licensing" value -- in "HPC and Analysis Options" -> "Options" tab to reference the appropriate Pool or Pack. So, I have requested 2 nodes and 80 processors to run Fluent cases. Jun 5, 2023 · By default, the LMGRD. It was always difficult to verbally explain how much more the vehicle can improve but visualizing it with Ansys Speos easily convinces the designer. It enables users to solve their simulations by accessing cloud-based HPC from within the interface of Ansys Mechanical, Ansys Fluent or Ansys Electronics Desktop. Jan 13, 2022 · run at all (not even with 4 CPU cores) unless some settings are. This is largely due to the widespread use of simulation across product development and optimization workflows. Ansys Employee. With ANSYS HPC licenses, each license task enables an additional core for solving. The issue with UNSUPPORTED will continue to appear as the license checkouts are in this order: 'hfss_desktop'. apr37. Simply go to Tools > Options > HPC and Analysis Options > Options tab > under HPC licensing set […] Jun 6, 2024 · This course will provide you with a basic understanding of the different Ansys installation and licensing guidelines. But, as suggested by you, I have tried changing the following setting "Use legacy Electronics HPC License = TRUE", it worked and I got the simulated results. The process shown has the default or suggested TCP Ports for the Ansys license manager. To activate this option, the ANSWAIT environment variable has to be set to a value of 1. 5 and higher command line option -feature_parallel_preferred= can be used for example -feature_parallel_preferred=anshpc_pack -feature_parallel_preferred=anshpc -feature_parallel_preferred=acfd_par_proc This was also added to MAPDL at 16. But in my case, an alert window shows up and says: Then I looked into the folder of "General Option", but got confused what this message want me to do. Oct 5, 2021 · Hi, I'm running ANSYS 2020 R2 on an RHELS 7. "Apply" and restart the Optics Launcher when prompted. When I check solver output, it shows "insufficient HPC licenses available". There are 4 main license features anshpc, anshpc_pack, hfsshpc, hfsshpc_pack. Option 1 – ANSYS HPC - Examples. Once this change is made and the dialog window is closed, the simulation will use the specified number ANSYS_MMadore. The first HPC Pack gives you 8 cores and then every additional HPC Pack added, you multiply the number of HPC cores by 4 and add the base 4 cores from the solver. Electronics_ANSYS_HPC. NVIDIA collaborates with Ansys to develop GPU acceleration for Aug 3, 2018 · For ANSYS HPC Pack licenses, we set the option to “Pack”. Network troubleshooting & simulation , HPC & RSM support , ANSYS Simulation Environment . 9 workstation with 32 physical cores. If customers have an existing […] 1 © 2016 ANSYS, Inc. High-performance computing (HPC) is an important consideration for academia. Feb 13, 2024 · I am trying to run my Fluent simulations in our university HPC cluster and each node of the cluster is limited to 40 processors. com Ltd. 除了 Debunking Myths of HPC, Cloud and Licensing. 1 1055. Feb 28, 2020 · The Truth about Ansys Simulations on the Cloud and HPC. Notice:The Ansys Innovation Space (AIS) will undergo scheduled maintenance from June 6th to June 17th. These increase the amount of cores you can run ANSYS on at a given time, but it is not linear. If you have only one task of each license, do not use this as this settings would consume more licenses, than the default setting to try to share the license. 1231 permanent 4 VENDOR_STRING=customer:0123456 SUPERSEDE ISSUER=SIEBEL ISSUED=28-dec-2017 START=28 FlexNet licensing error: -38 User/host not on INCLUDE list for feature. Through a series of lessons, we will learn about the different aspects such as Ansys licensing types, license file format, platform requirements, and much more. Features may be shared across a network. While trying to run CFD in 3 different workstations (similar ones with 12 logical processors each), license works for some configuration of cores and does not work for the rest. Whether you are an engineer, IT manager, researcher, or technology enthusiast, this webinar provides the knowledge and tools to enhance your simulation workflows and Nov 12, 2022 · I understand that each Mechanical and CFD license allows solver to run on 4 cores. Although a CAD/GUI environment is still required when running scripts, a GUI license is License Management Guide ANSYS, Inc. To calculate the number of solve licenses to run your simulation, see this article for details. 各种Ansys HPC许可选项可让您将高性能计算的使用扩展至仿真所需的任何级别，从入门级并行处理的单用户或小用户群组到几乎无限的并行处理能力。. Ansys HPC Licensing Calculator. We will begin the course with an overview of Ansys license Ansys floating license. Ansys Cloud Direct's powerful, easy-to-access HPC cloud solution will change the way you think about simulation. You need sufficient Ansys Optis HPC licenses to use GPUs. Jan 25, 2023 · The License Queuing option allows an ANSYS process to wait (queue) for an available license in the event all licenses are checked out (for example to run an ANSYS Fluent calculation). Notes: Oct 7, 2021 · Location-agnostic and able to provide access across physics, Ansys Elastic Licensing is a pay-per-use solution that enables usage-based licensing of virtually every Ansys product, plus on-premises computing power and Ansys Cloud hardware. There is also information regarding using HPC to run across multiple machines, provided you have HPC licensing to support it. docs. Select which GPU you want to use for simulation. Various Ansys HPC licensing options allow you to scale to whatever level the computational simulation requires. May 15, 2023 · Notice:The Ansys Innovation Space (AIS) will undergo scheduled maintenance from June 6th to June 17th. Lumerical solve, accelerator and Ansys HPC license consumption Ansys Elastic Licensing complements other licensing solutions from Ansys by providing you with on-demand access to core portfolio of pre-post, solver, and HPC simulation solutions. The various Ansys HPC licensing options let you scale to whatever computational level of simulation you require Mar 17, 2023 · Notice:The Ansys Innovation Space (AIS) will undergo scheduled maintenance from June 6th to June 18th. Simply go to Tools > Options > HPC and Analysis Options > Options tab > under HPC licensing set 'Use legacy Electronics HPC License Mar 21, 2020 · Hello ANSYS,New to the community, here. Use this form to calculate the amount of HPC licensing required for your simulation using Ansys solvers like Fluent, HFSS, and Mechanical. nI'm unable to find […] Academic_features_table_17_0_rev_2. announced plans to deliver ANSYS HPC, a solution set that will enable customers to obtain enhanced insight and productivity through expanded use of high-performance computing (HPC) with engineering simulation. Choose "Configurations" tab at top: Look under "Available Configurations: At "Local"; Choose "Edit" button. The widespread availability of multicore processors ANSYS, Inc. Contact your Ansys account manager for licensing options that will fit your needs. You can also access the dialog window from the menu item Tools > Options > HPC and Analysis Options. Traditionally, this setup required the use of computers capable of pre- and post-processing. g. We will begin the course with an overview of Ansys license files Lumerical now supports running Lumerical analysis on a supported Windows and Linux machine using only solve licenses for FDTD and MODE (Finite Difference IDE). Hello, You need to change the HPC and Analysis Options -> Use legacy HFSS-IE license model to False. nSpecify a writable location on the remote machine for the APPDATA variable in the Resource advanced options for Intel MPI. Add a writable path for the APPDATA variable as shown here. Nov 22, 2021 · Join us for this insightful webinar to discover how HPC and cloud computing unlocks the full potential of engineering simulation. Attachments: 1. The user or host/computer name that is trying to checkout the license feature is not in the INCLUDE list in the options file. In contrast to single-point […] Nov 4, 2020 · If so, you need to set your HPC and Analysis Options to use the proper license based on which HPC licensing you have. 对于大型用户群组，Ansys可在需要时为最具挑战性的项目提供高度可扩展的多个并行处理仿真。. 'q3d_desktop My company have two licenses of anshpc, but when I try input 24 cores into ansys fluent, it said not enough HPC Parallel licenses 24/6. As a result, compute capacity is limiting the performance of many engineering organizations. Add the "-machine <filename>" option. Unlike other simulation cloud solutions, Ansys Cloud Direct is simple to set up and navigate, will not break your workflow and does not require cloud experts to operate. I can only run a simulation up to 8 cores and when I go above 8 cores simulation does not run. ANSYS, Inc…. During this time, all AIS sites will be available in read-only mode with no login function available. Adding one HPC Pack brings the core total from 2 to 10 (previously 8, in versions before Ansys Mechanical enables you to solve complex structural engineering problems and make better, faster design decisions. I am able to execute and complete analysis of the simulation, but when I start a solve, my Message Manager Dec 9, 2016 · At 0 HPC Packs you can run on 4 cores that are provided by the solver. less than 12 cores) to check out ANSYS HPC only, and higher core count jobs (e. See the attached document for more details Changing GPU Simulation/Live Preview Options. According to a recent survey, 40% of engineers limit the size or amount of detail for every simulation model due to compute capacity and turnaround time constraints. See also Mar 17, 2023 · All Categories; Additional Products - Licensing ; Some customers may have both ANSYS HPC and ANSYS HPC Pack licenses, they run Fluent jobs on Linux cluster through Fluent launcher, job scheduler script or RSM, they may want to force lower core count jobs (e. Check "no default options". 0 and Higher. com Ansys Elastic Licensing is a flexible, pay-per-use licensing model that enables usage-based licensing for software, computing power and Ansys Cloud hardware. Request name agppi does not exist in the licensing pool. Ansys Lumerical products are not only capable of utilizing all of your local computer's or workstation's resources to the fullest, but they can also utilize the resources of multiple machines (a cluster) to drastically reduce your "time-to-results" with high-performance computing (HPC). If an ANSYS HPC license has been issued (which is different from an ANSYS Electronics HPC license), this can be used with the Electronics Desktop as well by first updating the HPC settings in Electronics Desktop. User/host not on INCLUDE list for feature. Complex research projects often involve simulating large assemblies, or even entire systems, which demand considerable computational resources when rapid results are required. Admin or root access on the license server; Ansys license manager 2021 R1 or newer; Configure license file with static port. Answer: for FLUENT 14. Feb 8, 2021 · a) Check the use PPE product licensing in the General>Desktop Configuration option. Feb 3, 2018 · HPC license and HFSS GUI window. With HPC Pack licenses, the first task enables an additional 8 cores, while a second See full list on mapdl. Also make sure you have HPC license type set to pack or pool depending on what type you are using. List of licensed features by product . 1)Modifying HPC License Options From the ANSYS Electronics Desktop window, select the menu item, Tools > Options > HPC and Analysis Options… Click the Options tab, under HPC Licensing, select Pool for the HPC License options and click OK button. This course will provide you with a basic understanding of the different Ansys installation and licensing guidelines. This means you will not be able to create any new forum posts on the Ansys Learning Forum, but you can still browse existing ones. In the HPC and Analysis Options window click the Options tab. Figure 1 : Use Ansys Elastic Licensing to remove the hardware barrier and also for peak demand. You only pay for what you use, allowing you to efficiently meet fluctuating licensing demands throughout the year, while accommodating high usage periods associated FREE. are UL May 4, 2021 · a successful ping of the license server doesn't rule out firewall or other connection restrictions. The course is split into 6 modules. The MAPDL command option is -ppf Mar 18, 2024 · Exploring the Power of HPC and Cloud Computing Join us for this insightful webinar to discover how HPC and cloud computing unlocks the full potential of engineering simulation. Edit your resource and select "Remote: Intel MPI" as the Job launching preset. If you were using "KEY=" 'feature qualifiers' to use the specific feature line now you can use "SIGN=" in place of "KEY=" Example: INCREMENT anshpc_pack ansyslmd 2018. lsf) for the command line or through Lumerical INTEROP. exe process uses port 27581. Master of Science in Electrical and Electronics Engineering , University of Illinois, Chicago. I'm new to Ansys and I'm not sure what is going on under the hood. Please make sure you change if for the appropriate Design Type. In there you will find the 2 ports in use by the processes I mentioned above. Esterel License Manager (estereld) Ansys HPC License Usage in AEDT Navigate to the menu Tools -> Options -> HPC and Analysis Options 2) Go to the "Option" tab 3) In the category "HPC Licensing Apr 13, 2023 · The FLEXlm option file helps to manage a license pool shared between multiple users. Attachments: recognizes the value and benefits HPC brings to its customers. 0. If you go into C:SpaceClaim Flex Server on the server machine, you will find a file called "lic. FDTD jobs will use all the available SMs in the GPU. nnFor anshpcnUse Legacy Electronics HPC: FalsenHPC License Type: Pooln-----nFor anshpc_packnUse Legacy Electronics HPC: FalsenHPC License Type: Packn-----nFor hfsshpcnUse Legacy Electronics HPC: TruenHPC License Type: Pooln Jun 3, 2022 · Notice:The Ansys Innovation Space (AIS) will undergo scheduled maintenance from June 6th to June 18th. Notice:The Ansys Innovation Space (AIS) will undergo scheduled maintenance from June 6th to June 20th. By the looks of this table, you may think that 8 HPC Packs is more than enough, but the caveat is that this Oct 7, 2021 · Location-agnostic and able to provide access across physics, Ansys Elastic Licensing is a pay-per-use solution that enables usage-based licensing of virtually every Ansys product, plus on-premises computing power and Ansys Cloud hardware. Open the Ansys Optics launcher -> License configuration. March 24, 2021 at 2:52 pm. Feature: agppi. March 12, 2017 ANSYS HPC Licensing Options - Release 18. Extract the files and run "Setup" to install the Ansys license manager. Ansys HPC solutions offer a range of licensing options that help users to meet current requirements and plan for seamless ugrades related to future needs. High-performance computing (HPC) and cloud deployments can clear this simulation bottleneck. manually changed: Tools->Options->HPC and Analysis Options. The number of solver/accelerator/HPC licenses required to run your jobs depends on the number of cores used, the number of concurrent simulations, the type of job, and the type of license you have purchased. Mazda Sees the Light with Ansys Speos. There are two main ways that a cluster can be utilized to Jan 7, 2022 · ANSYS LICENSE MANAGER ERROR: Failover feature 'Ansys DesignModeler' is not available. Although, I was not able to find out which HPC License I have access to, on my license server (not able to find the option). It complements and augments the value of other licensing solutions, removing access barriers like number of users, product access and HPC capacity. log". This means that users still needed access to a powerful Feb 22, 2021 · There is information in the Help documentation regarding running Parametric analyses. The last two are legacy Electronics HPC licenses and work only with Ansoft products, the first two can be used with all ANSYS flagship products. Here is what I use: May 11, 2020 · One option is Ansys Cloud. Important . We have 5 Mechanical, 3 CFD licenses and there are 4 HPC cores available. 1 of the Installation and Licensing Documentation. I am surprised that Electronics Desktop is apparently now using anshpc. Do you have this kind of experience and Below are the steps to modify the HPC License options. Whether you are an engineer, IT manager, researcher, or technology enthusiast, this webinar provides the knowledge and tools to enhance your simulation workflows and Mar 11, 2023 · To do this, we go to the Simulation Ribbon, select HPC Options, go to the Options pane and change the HPC License setting from Pool to Pack. I would like to set up my HPC options so that analysis of a HFSS model on one computer is assisted by all the other machines which have ANSYS ETD installed. . Previous Lesson. The various Ansys HPC licensing options let you scale to whatever computational level of simulation you require Open the "Ansys Optics Launcher" from the Start Menu -> All apps or All Programs -> Ansys Optics [ [verpath] on your Windows PC. The SPACECLM. opt) Between SIGN & SIGN2, you should use SIGN. Subscriber. -On Windows: Configuration Panel > System > Advanced System Parameter This is the standard/default installation procedure for the Ansys license manager which includes the Ansys license management center web interface. Failed_to_check_out_license Guidelines for running Lumerical simulation jobs remotely using Intel MPI on Windows. This information is used when doing the "Run Tests" feature. Follow the instructions on the installation wizard and complete the installation. exe daemon uses a random open port. 'designer_desktop'. For example Mar 24, 2021 · Not enough HPC Parallel licenses 20/0. Hello,nI have a few Windows 10 machines with Ansys EDT, RSM and Intel MPI installed, configured together in a HPC setup for doing distributed solves. For example, six concurrent parametric analyses on eight cores each. Start „optimization directly in Ansys CAE environment • Easy to use • Wizard guided • Pro licensing for different physics • Share across team –build optimization know-how More complex workflows • Multi-disciplinary • Include non-Ansys and inhouse tools • More HPC&Cloud computing options • Use Ansys concurrent licensing Sep 28, 2019 · Exploring the Power of HPC and Cloud Computing Join us for this insightful webinar to discover how HPC and cloud computing unlocks the full potential of engineering simulation. Whether you are an engineer, IT manager, researcher, or technology enthusiast, this webinar provides the knowledge and tools to enhance your simulation workflows and drive innovation in your industry. xlsx. offers the following high performance computing license options: ANSYS HPC - These physics-neutral licenses can be used to run a single analysis across multiple processors (cores). See Profile . Notice:The Ansys Innovation Space (AIS) will undergo scheduled maintenance from June 6th to June 18th. Nov 20, 2020 · Verify that you have the pro premium enterprise license option checked if you have that type of license. It starts with an overview of the environment and the checking of the prerequisites, followed by an One remedy to this issue is to set to use a 'separate license' Note: This option should be used only if you have many tasks of a license. This group can, for example, be a group of users or a group of machines. Calculate solver license usage. Ansys Cloud Direct is all about Workflow, Performance, Support. Telnet 192. The Ansys approach to HPC licensing crosses physics, so you get a single solution that you can leverage across disciplines. tg et as tz ja be bf cs tl ho